Footfall Management

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the project title â€Å"foot fall in mall † has been accomplished by Mr. Niraj kumar, Mr. Sushil kumar, Mr. Nagender kumar, Ms Rajni, Ms. Neha Arora under my guidance and supervision. They have submitted in the partial fulfillment of requirement of PGDM from This DELHI SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH, DELHI work as not been submitted anywhere else for the award of degree. All source of information have been dully mentioned. (Ms. Noopur Aggarwal) SUPERVISIOR DELHI SCHOOL OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH, DELHI -110085 CONTENTS Chapter-1 Meaning Of Footfall ? Meaning of footfall ? Objectives of study ? Limitation to study Chapter-2 Techniques to measure footfall ? Camera traffing monitioring ? Electronic footfall monitioring ? Automated counting ? Manual counting Chapter -3 An Glimpseof Shoppers Stop ? Introduction of shoppers stop ? Features of shoppers stop(rajouri) ? Structure of mall ? Parking system ? Visitior’s information Chapter-4 Research Methodology ? Type of research ? Research approach ? Sampling design ? Collection of data Chapter-5 Finding And Conclusions Opinions Questionnaire References Chapter-1 FOOTFALL Defination-Objective Of Study,Limitation to Study Meaning of footfall Footfall, is a measurement of the number of people entering a shop or other public space. The number of people are visiting a shop or mall in a day,that much will be understood the footfall for that day. If 15000 people are visiting a mall in one week, it means footfall for the week is 15000 for the week. footfall is an important indicator of how successfully a company’s marketing,brand and format are bring people into its shop. In europeon culture footfall is known as padestrian counting. OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH ON FOOTFALL ? To know the importance of footfall measurement in modern scenario This research study will help to throw light on importance of footfall measurement. To know the causes, organization’s interest in knowing the footfall ? To know the impact on marketing initiatives Footfall affect the a marketing head to decide some new events should be organized or not. The effect of footfall effect a manager to what extent ? To know how we can understand customer behavior pattern Footfall is really a measureable scale in understanding the behavior of customer. This study will tell us. ? To know how footfall effect on decision of heads of mall Limitations to study †¢ No leave is provided to visit the mall. All the data collection, survey are done during our study. †¢ Without having Identity cards it was very difficult to contact with any superior authority †¢ Manager were not ready to tell about the security aids and system. †¢ They feared their ideas will be copied by other competitor. ADVANTAGES OF MEASURING FOOTFALL FOR A MALL ? Provide an indication of customer behaviour patterns ? Assess the impact of marketing initiatives Tailor staff levels according to customer demand, rather than to service supply. ? Empower businesses to better target their marketing efforts ? To check the efficiency of staff Chapter-2 Techniques to measure footfall 1. CAMERA TRAFFING MONITORING The cameras do the traffic monitoring themselves; it isn't a question of simply recording video footage and manual operators counting the numbers of pe ople! The cameras are able to count people by making comparisons between a discreet image that changes rapidly over time, and the stationary background. The camera technology is state-of-the-art, with ongoing research investigating ways of programming the cameras to take the analysis a level further and distinguish between adults and children, and even make confident distinctions between people and supermarket trolleys. 2. Electronic footfall monitoring: Advances in electronics have added sophisticated footfall monitoring to retailers' information weaponry. Many retailers are reported to be experimenting with this new technology, but limited discussion exists in the public domain on its potential role or retailer experiences. 3. Automated Counting Automated counting is done through some censurey aids invented by advance technology. [pic] [pic] Many types of automated counting ? Hydro acoustic tubes ? Pneumatic tubes ? Inductive loops ? Acoustic slab sensors ? Passive infrared censors ? Active infrared censors 4. counting manually a person enters in a mall he finds a durwan/guard at standing at gate, he not only greets him but he will be counting the no. of person entering in mall by a handful size instrument. Chapter-3 Introduction of Shoppers stop ltd. [pic] Eros Mall, Plot No. 10, Shivaji Palace, District Center, Raja Garden, Rajouri New Delhi,   Delhi 110027 Phone: 011 – 4505 5400 / 25444101 INTRODUCTION OF SHOPPERS STOP Shopper’s stop has been a pioneer in the departmental store format since it’s beginning in 1991. Shoppers stop is launched as a men’s ready-to-wear garment store in Andheri, Mumbai. shoppers stop is the part of K. Raheja corp. it’s CEO is Govind Shrikhande and managing director is B. S. Nagesh. it has large chain of 28 departmental store around country. shoppers sop rajouri is the 25th store of chain. Shoppers stop are the first global style retailer in India with a wide range of merchandise. Exclusive Shop counters of international brands and world class customer service. In our Endeavour to retain our positioning as a global retailer we sought to bring the best retail technology, retail practices and sales to india. Features of shoppers stop (Rajouri). ? Shoppers stop rajouri is the biggest departmental stores of india. ? It has 1. 35 lakh sq ft retail area ? It Houses an overwhelming range of premium international and national brands. ? It is a four storey mall ? World class ambiance and cleanness ? Great services to customers through customer service desk or first citizen desk ? Water dispenser were available on every floor ? Four fire exits ? Two washrooms at every floor Sitting arrangement and journals, newspaper are kept beside sofas ? Gift wrapping and alteration. Structure Of Mall ? Ground floor DEPARTMENT NAME : JEWELERY OR SUNGLASS ? Javeri pearls, damas, haute curry, fastrack DEPARTMENT NAME : COSMETIC ? Ponds, lakme, lorell, clearance Brio Leathers ? FIRST FLOOR DEPARTMENT NAME : LADIES ETHENIC †¢ Kashish, Kashish gold, Biba, satyapau l, ritu wear, W, Diy, DEPARTMENT NAME : LINGERIE †¢ Lovable,b’witch, Department name : Men’s formal †¢ Austin reed,blackberry Provoke,wills lifestyle,van hussen,gaps,color plus,satyapaul,arrow,Louis phillip,tommy Hilfiger,FCUK DEPARTMENT NAME : Kids †¢ Mothercare,pumpkin patch,united colour of Benetton, giny jony, ruff,zapp,Lilliput,Barbie,toys DEPARTMENT NAME : Ladies western †¢ Wills lifestyle,noi,zipsy,ven hussen, Indian terren, Austin reed,blackberry,remanika DEPARTMENT NAME : Mens casual †¢ Spyker,I jeans, levi, pepe,calvin clein,esprit,united color of Benetton, push and shove 3rd Floor DEPARTMENT NAME : Home section †¢ Masphar,portico DEPARTMENT NAME : Sports wear †¢ Mysha,royal sporting house, adidas, nike, reepok,puma, †¢ Luggage section 4TH FLOOR †¢ Desi cafe, food factory, moti mahal, PARKING SYSTEM Double storey basement parking is the special attribute of shoppers stop. 200 cars can parked easily in parking. direct lift service from parking to main floors. free parking for first citizen of shoppers stop. two- way enterance and exit, valley parking is also available here VISITOR’S INFORMATION Shoppers stop(rajouri) is situated in heart of city at rajaouri Garden in Eros mall in delhi beside the ring road. a visitor can reach to place by bus and metro. Rajouri metro station is attire of shopper stop. It is 22 k. m from international airport and 18 k. m. from domestic airport. This place has many competetant in area like Westside,tdi mall,citisqure mall,west gate,paragon mall . TECHNIQUES TO MEASURE FOOTFALL AT STORE Store is using the manual counting system to count the footfall. When person enters in the mall the guard at the gate he presses the button of handful machine in his hand. This help to store manager to know the footfall in the store through this data. Floor foot fall is also measured in the same way,to know the floor footfall measurement. The guards standing over there they feed the no. Of persons visiting on the floor in machine. Chapter-4 Research Methodology Types of research Analytical research:- during all the study, by the available information researcher tries to find out effects on human behavior during any special occasions. Conceptual research:- study reveals the idea that durig Sales period or festive seasons or any special event has increased the footfall up to 100% . so, a retailer should be ready with innovative ideas to attract customer. Research Approaches Quantitative approach:- during study selected executive and managers were contacted to know their view on footfall measurement. By the data cikkectuib study, it infers the rrelation between population and their behavior. Sampling design Systematic sampling :- in study, people were selected randomly and asked question and their views Collection of data Primary data:- Many Sr. managers and dept. managers are contacted through questionnaire and their views are included in study. Secondary data:- books, journals and internet gave sufficient way to solve the problem. Collection of data through questionnaires:- the questionnaire was made according the problems which arise during the study. What is the impact of footfall on decision making, how is it important to decide future plans of organizations. The head executive and sales executive were asked to fill this questionnaire. Chapter-5 FINDING AND CONCLUSIONS Finding After completing the research it is found that in festive seasons or sales time mall are getting the increased no. of customer in their outlets or malls. Footfall helps a organization to decide that how many employee should be continued in the oultlet on some day. footfall shows the efficiency of a sales executive comes out by the help of footfall. Conclusions:- It is really very helpful tool to know the firm about their state and way of progress Opinions The best department manager in chain of shoppers stop awarded Miss Anuradha Sharma tells that during sales period the footfall increases upto 100 % and various activities in store attracts 20% extra customer to their shop. She tells the manual technique of footfall is used in measurement of footfall in the store. She also agrees that the facts of footfall are great helpful to better target their market efforts. Department manager of home section in shoppers stop rajouri Mr. chander verma, says†sales period are obiviously increasing the no. customer in double fold†. Last festive season their department has achived more than 50%. He confirmed that manual technique of footfall is used in footfall. His opinion about footfall, he thinks’these really help us to forecast the no. of visiotor to our shop. Sales executive of â€Å"w† brand in city square mall Mr. Rajesh tells he finds the no. of visitors to their outlet goes up by 100% during sales. he also agrees that festive season they get a good business and their sales increases upto 50% Delhi school of professional studies and research INSTITUTIONAL AREA ,ROHINI SECT-25 DELHI-110085 Name _____________________________________________ Post _______________________________________________ Name of organization__________________________________ What is the % increase in number of customer during sales period. A. 10 -25 B. 25-50 C. 50-75 D. 75-100 Increase in number of customer during any special events A. Doesn’t affect B. Upto 20% C. 30-50% D. 50-100% E. More than 100% Which technique is used to measure footfall in you mall? A. CAMERA TRAFFING MONITORING B. Electronic footfall monitoring: C. Automated Counting D. counting manually does footfall helps to better target their market efforts A. yes B. no signature

Eastern Tobacco Company Essay

Introduction Why the Eastern Tobacco Company in Egypt is an example of monopolistic competition? Eastern Tobacco Company is known as the largest tobacco producer in Egypt. The company produces different products such as cigarettes, molasses tobacco, pipe tobacco and cigars (Oxford Business Group, 2008). Additionally, it produces other products that are related to cigarettes. These may include homogenized and filter rods tobacco (Owen & Pamuk, 1998). Their entire products are divided into two categories. These may include local and export products. The company is known as the largest company producing large amount of tobacco in Egypt Thus, it faces stiff competition by local and international companies that produces tobacco. Eastern Tobacco Company is an example of monopolistic competition (Owen & Pamuk, 1998). This is due to the fact that all tobacco industry is categorized in monopolistic competition. One of the viable reasons that make Eastern Tobacco Company to be categorized in monopolistic competition is the fact that there are quite a large number of companies that are producing the same products; however, they have differentiated them. This means that all companies under tobacco sector are satisfying the market demand for tobacco (Solow, 1999). Another reason that makes Eastern Tobacco Company to be a good example of monopolistic competition is the fact that it brings out differentiated products that are reasonably close substitutes for each other (Oxford Business Group, 2008).   For instance, the company brings into the market different types of cigarettes. These may include homogenized and filter rods cigarettes. It also produces different types of tobacco, for instance, molasses tobacco, pipe tobacco. Thus, the company has one of the characteristics of firms that are categorized in the group of monopolistic competition. Due to the fact that products are of close substitutes, there can be any reduction of price. This can be seen in Eastern Tobacco Company as they can be in a position to reduce the price of their products (Owen & Pamuk, 1998). This helps them to attract large number of customers and thus, they are perceived as the largest company in Egypt producing tobacco. One of the major characteristics of monopolistic competition is the fact that there are a large number of sellers (Solow, 1999). They tend to sell differentiated products. This can be evidenced in tobacco industry, as there is quite number of sellers that sell different types of tobacco. For instance, many local companies are selling same products as Eastern Tobacco Company. Thus, there is a different seller that sells tobacco like Eastern Tobacco Company. This means that Eastern Tobacco Company have achieved this characteristics of monopolistic competition where many sellers selling differentiated products dominate the industry. Eastern Tobacco Company does not have price competition. This is due to the fact that the company has the freedom to win over its entire customers. For instance, large number of customers prefers Eastern Tobacco Company as they offer after sales services. This is a situation where a buyer purchases large tonnes of tobacco and the company offers to take them to his or her home. Offering after sales services is one way that Eastern Tobacco Company uses to attract large number of customers. From the above point of view, it is clearly evidenced that Eastern Tobacco Company has all characteristics that monopolistic competition is associated with. Thus, it can be classified as a good example of monopolistic competition. For instance, the company has similar products but has differentiated them to different brands. These may include molasses tobacco, pipe tobacco (Oxford Business Group, 2008). Therefore, it is an example of monopolistic competition. References Owen, E. R. J., & Pamuk, S. (1998). A history of Middle East economies in the twentieth century.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   London: I.B. Tauris Publishers. Oxford Business Group. (2008). The Report: Emerging Egypt 2008. London: Oxford Business Group. Solow, R. M. (1999). Monopolistic competition and macroeconomic theory. Cambridge [u.a.:   Ã‚  Ã‚   Cambridge Univ. Press.   

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Questions in Criminal Justice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

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Food safty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Digital Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

Digital Bangladesh Essay Bangladesh is resounding with the target of achieving digital Bangladesh. Broadly speaking, a digital society ensures an Information and communication Technology (ICT) driven knowledge-based where information will be readily available on line and where all possible tasks of the government, semi-government and also private spheres will be processed using the modern technology. So, a digital Bangladesh must guarantee efficient and effective use of modern ICT in all spheres of the society with a view to establishing good governance. In other word, making Bangladesh a digital one, we have to establish technology driven e-governance, e-commerce, e-production, e-agriculture, e-health etc. , in the society emphasizing the overall development of the common people. Building strong ICT infrastructure is the pre-requisite for making Bangladesh a digital one. For this, we need to focus on the following relevant issues assessing the harsh reality that hinders our development in this context. Latest statistics reveal that Bangladesh faces a power deficit of up to 200 MW against a demand of 5000 MW daily. It may be noted that for proper ICT development an uninterrupted power supply is a must. For the ICT development Internet users of the country must be increased. In this case our position is the worst one among the South Asian countries. From different sources, it has been learnt that, English language literacy rate in Bangladesh is lesser than one percent. Whereas, English language literacy rates in India and Pakistan are 60% and 20% respectively. There is a strong correlation between English literacy and ICT development in the present context of Globalization. In the arena of ICT English has become the Lingua-Franca. Though the above accounts seem to be frustrating one, these can be easily overcome within a reasonable span of time if we can establish good governance in the country. For making a digital Bangladesh by 2021, the government must address the above stated issues effectively and efficiently in transparent manners. In many cases we need to reformulate our national policy (e. g. education policy, ICT policy) in accordance with the Millennium Development Goals. It the leaders of our country objectively guide this generation, they can do wonder for the nation.

Hunger in America Essay Example for Free

Hunger in America Essay Early this year, the talent search reality show American Idol used the popularity of its program to bring to light a problem that most Americans did not realize existed until that point in time. The show presented us with the harsh reality that, although America is the last remaining super power and has the most stable economy on the planet, it has a section of its population that deals with hunger on a daily basis. I found myself sitting in front of the TV set in disbelief. I wondered how some people of America can be hungry all the time and not have enough to eat when food seems so easy to come by. As far as I was concerned, food was aplenty and could be shared by everybody. I knew that the government has a food stamps program in place for those deserving â€Å"below the poverty line income† families. Charitable organizations host soup kitchens and a meal can even be had for a dollar over at McDonald’s. I will admit that times are rough for us these days. Money is tight even for the middle income bracket of society because of the recent financial crunches that have been hitting the nation. Plenty of people have recently lost their homes and jobs. Some people have unexpected financial emergencies that they are not prepared to deal with. When such situations occur, families tend to restructure their budgets and the one part of the budget that is usually hit hard is the food allowance. For most American families who do not have credit cards to time them over from paycheck to paycheck, hunger becomes an ugly monster that not only rears its ugly head but also swallows the family whole. American families usually sacrifice their food supply thinking that keeping the other necessities of life in working order is important in their quest to keep the family from starving. A low to middle income father or mother will choose to spend on car repairs and sacrifice the food supply because the car takes them to the job that pays them cash which in turn buys the food. Medical care is unintentionally put on the back burner while the family tries to cope with rising food prices. When a family member is taken seriously ill and needs emergency care, it is the food budget that will automatically be slashed in order to afford the necessary healthcare. Basically, Americans are hungry because the government miscalculated the actual cost of living allowance for a basic family of 3. Originally designed to figure out the food cost for a started family, it failed to take inflation, transportation, rise in utility costs, and healthcare insurance into the picture. Looking at today’s actual cost of living, a $5 hourly minimum wage is an insult to the worker and his needs in life. I think that the main reason that people in America are going hungry is because after the Welfare Reform Act of 1990 was introduced into law, it became almost impossible for families in need of food aid to qualify for the food stamps. I cannot understand the logic behind that move of the government. Why would a government willingly stop supporting the people who voted them into power? The government collects taxes from us specifically because there are government projects and social needs that need to be addressed for the benefit of the entire population. This includes a more effective food stamp program that does not discriminate amongst the already poor and needy population of the land. Food stamps and soup kitchens should always be open and available to those who need it. If they get a job later on and stop needing the food stamps, well and good. But if they lose their jobs again or need the help of the food stamps to quash their hunger pangs, those tax dollars they paid to the government while working better be ready and available to help them in the form of food aid. After all, nobody chooses to be nor wants to be hungry and we would all want to receive help when we need it the most. Work Cited Valentine, Vikki. (2007). QA: The Causes behind Hunger in America. NPR. Retrieved October 15, 2007 from http://www. npr. org/templates/story/story. php? storyId=5021812.

Application of Communication Theories | Reflection

Application of Communication Theories | Reflection Applying Communication Theories to the Career of a Graduate Student Alayna Naro Organizational Culture Theory Members of an organization create their own culture within that organization. The culture can come from ways members communicate with each other, rituals of the organization, and shared symbols within the organization. Each organization has a culture that is distinctly theirs and differs from the cultures of other organizations. Furthermore, organizational culture is not created overnight. An organization’s culture is something that forms over a period of time and is specific to the way of â€Å"living† within an organization. Since the fall of 2010, I have been a student of Mississippi State University. I began my academic career as an undergraduate student. The organizational culture I was a part of at that point in my life is a lot different than the organizational culture I am a part of now. As an undergraduate, I was familiar with a majority of my professors, but I did not necessarily extensively communicate with them. Now, as a graduate student, the organizational culture that I am most familiar is within the School of Human Sciences, where I am a graduate assistant as well as a full time student. The make-up of the organization is important when discussing its organizational culture. In the School of Human Sciences, the organizational make-up consists of a director, faculty members, staff members, and graduate assistants. All of these members, though they have different roles, are who establish the values and morals for the organization. By being active participants within the organization, the members help to create meaningful symbols within the organization. Symbols include verbal and nonverbal communication that is unique to a specific organization. The first type of symbol that can be seen within an organizational culture are physical symbols. Physical symbols consists of designs, logos, dà ©cor, and material objects. Within the School of Human Sciences, we have certain symbols that express the culture house in our organization. The School of Human Sciences has a specific logo that we place on key chains, shirts, pens, and other items to market our department. Even our building, Lloyd Ricks-Watson, is a physical symbol that houses us all under one roof. The second type of symbol that can be seen within an organizational culture are behavioral symbols. Behavioral symbols are things such as ceremonies, rituals, or traditions that are specific to that organization. In the School of Human Sciences we have plenty of behavioral symbols that we continuously participate in. Every fall semester, there is a welcome back tailgate for students, faculty, and staff. In the spring, there is a chili supper welcoming students back for a new semester. And one Friday, every month, we have a faculty meeting where we discuss upcoming news within the School of Human Sciences. These reoccurring behaviors help to establish and identify the culture within the organization. Finally, the third type of symbol is verbal symbols. Verbal symbols include jokes, jargon, or stories that revolve around the organization. Within any type of organization, jokes and stories are going to be expressed through verbal communication. Furthermore, faculty calling each other by their first names when students are not around can be seen as a verbal symbol. As a graduate student, I catch my instructors calling other faculty members by their first names and then correcting themselves when they realize they are speaking to a student. By listening to stories, joke, or understanding the jargon, one can better understand the culture of the organization. Everyone within an organization is connected. A variety of members make up an organization, and each member contributes something unique to the culture of the organization. We find connections to the organization through shared ideas, rituals, and symbols. Through physical, behavioral, and verbal symbols, one can feel connection with the organization they are a part of. One way this particular theory does not coincide with my career, is that not everyone participates or actively uses all of the things that make up an organizational culture. In any organization or work environment, there are going to be those employees who choose not to participate. Even when they are required to immerse themselves within the organizational culture, resistance can still be seen. However, overall the theory was very applicable to my situation, and will be applicable to any organizational situation I encounter in the future. Structuration Theory Groups and organizations engage in certain behaviors in order to achieve their goals. Within an organization, structure is a necessity. Structure can include the rules and resources used to sustain the organization. Through structuration, organizations transform socially because of the rules and resources that dictate relationships. Rules and resources guide behaviors and decisions within an organization. Rules consists of guidelines for how a goal can be accomplished. Resources refer to the power that all individuals within the organization bring to the group. Therefore, structuration allows for members of an organization to better understand the social structure of their organization. Power structures are evident in any organizational setting and aid in guiding the decision making process. Power enables members of an organization to achieve goals. Every member within an organization has some form of power; superiors, subordinates, etc. Power allows for members of an organization to get what they want within the system. For an individual, power is an authoritative resource that helps the organization to function properly. In regards to this theory, there are five different types of power that an individual can exemplify; reward, coercive, referent, legitimate, and expert. Reward power refers the perception that another person within the organization has the ability to provide positive reinforcement. With reward power, the rewards can consist of praise or material rewards. As a student, I deal with reward power on a pretty frequent basis. My instructors are able to reward me for exceptional work by providing words of praise or encouragement. Additionally, as a student, there are ample opportunities for honors, awards and distinguishments. So at the same time, the university itself holds reward power too. Not to mention the greatest material reward a student can receive, a college degree. Because I know that my professors hold a majority of the reward power, I try my hardest to produce exceptional work. By producing that exceptional and receiving verbal rewards from professors, it provides a sense of incentive to seek out higher rewards, such as the material rewards previously mentioned. Coercive power refers to the perception that someone within the organization has the ability to provide punishment. Coercive power makes others feel as though they must comply with the requests of their superiors in order to avoid negative consequences. As a student, the same people who provide me with reward power can also provide me with coercive power, my professors. However, I do not do my work solely to avoid ridicule or punishment, I complete my work in order to maintain my credibility. If I were to not give all of my effort on assignments, did not respect my professors, and did not produce quality work, my credibility with my professors would decrease. Referent power refers to establishing a relationship between a superior in an organization and a member who has less power than them. A person who holds referent power is typically a friendly, well liked, well respected individual who may even serve as a role model for others within the organization. Again, I believe my professors have often exposed me to referent power. Sometimes it is very easy for me to form a meaningful relationship not only with my advisor, but also instructors within the department that I respect. I respect them so much mostly due to their personality and the way they choose to interact with me as a student. Though I know my professors are above me academically and within the work environment, they still treat me as an individual and pursue general interest in my goals and aspirations. Legitimate power refers to exerting power due to a particular position or title. In the academic community, there are many individuals who exert influence on others based on their titles. For example, I comply with the wishes of my major professor. Her position as my advisor allows her to influence and help structure the direction of my goals by providing her input and expertise when needed. Furthermore, my major professor has someone who exerts legitimate power on her as well. The director of our department within the School of Human Sciences holds legitimate power over all instructors within the department. By holding the power as being the director of the department, he has the right and the ability to exert influence over the department as a whole. Expert power refers to a person having a specific set of knowledge or expertise. Those with expert power are very valuable for any type of group or organization. Expert power allows those individuals to assist in decisions making processes and as a source knowledge when consulted. Yet again, my professors hold a sincere amount of expert power. All of my professors have completed a bachelor’s degree, a master’s degree, and most have completed their PhD. Therefore, my professors are experts in their fields. It is such a benefit for an organization, more specifically outside of academia, to have employees that exhibit expert power. As a graduate assistant, I even experience possessing all five of these powers at some point. As an instructor in classes, I use reward and coercive power by being the person who is in charge of my students’ grades. Hopefully, through the reward and coercive power used, my students respect me and my assignments, knowing that I hold the power within the classroom. Additionally, I hope I possess some form of referent power with my students and my colleagues. I hope to establish a working relationship with those that I work with and encounter an on everyday basis. I possess legitimate power because of my title as a graduate assistant. That title provides me with the opportunities to serve as an instructor for certain classes, conduct research for myself and for others, and deciphers me from undergraduate students. Finally, I exert expert power because of my degree titles. I have already completed a bachelor’s degree in which gives me an extensive amount of knowledge in the field of agriculture. Currently, I am pursuing a master’s degree which will further enhance my expertise within the field. Social Penetration Theory Social penetration refers to a process of relationship bonding where individuals move from superficial communication to more intimate communication. Social penetration relates to more than just physical intimacy, it also incorporates intellectual and emotional intimacy. Social penetration suggests that relationships progress in a systematic way, are predictable, and dependent on our verbal, nonverbal, and environmentally oriented behaviors. All relationships form and follow a particular trajectory in which there are four stages. The four stages of the social penetration process include orientation, exploratory affective exchange, affective exchange, and stable exchange. The orientation stage begins by revealing small, ordinary facts about ourselves to others. This past January I moved from an office across campus where I was by myself, into an office which I would share with two other students. For my situation as a graduate assistant sharing an office with two other graduate assistants, the orientation stage was very important. At this stage, we divulged enough information for others to begin to find common ground with us, but not enough to be able to judge us. Though the information we tend to express in this stage is simple, and sometimes superficial, it is a necessity for any type of relationship to form. The exploratory affective exchange stage occurs when we begin to share aspects of our individual personality with others. Self-disclosure becomes a crucial part of this stage because it helps to transform superficial relationships into more intimate ones by revealing information about yourself. After a few weeks in the new office situation, I began to realize that I was learning more and more about my office mates. Without even realizing it, we would end up in short conversations about things unrelated to classes or work, which helped to better grasp each other’s personalities. The affective exchange stage is where the closeness of the friendship begins to blossom. At this stage, nonverbal communication can sometimes substitute for verbal communication. For instance, I can come into the office not say anything, but smile, and my office mates can substitute that as a â€Å"good morning†. Also, during this stage we begin to form our own jargon and inside jokes. For example, after about three months of sharing an office, we had inside jokes, we shared funny videos and pictures, and we also listened to music together. We share information about our families, significant others, and ask for advice on any problems we may be having. Through this stage we were not only able to form a more intimate friendship with one another, we were also able to create an office environment that was comfortable for everyone. The final stage is the stable exchange stage. At this stage, the relationship is more spontaneous than before. Communication and behavior are a lot more predictable, and those involved know a lot more about each other and how they react. After reaching this stage, I can say my office mates are more than just people I share a room with Monday through Friday, they are my friends. We know when to talk, when to not talk. We can tell when someone might need a pick me up. And we are not afraid to be ourselves. By working through the stages of the social penetration process, we were able to divulge information about ourselves at a progressive speed and form relationships with one another. The only way to understand other people is to engage in personal conversations with them and by sharing personal bits of information about yourself. Each personality will influence the direction a relationship will take. Though initial conversations may seem unimportant, they allow individuals to understand each other and provide early relational development. Through the social penetration process individuals achieve a way to balance their needs while also forming a relationship with another person. Overall, this theory was very applicable to my current situation. I have seen first-hand how relationships develop, and I agree that they are a linear process. I also agree that there a certain steps, or stages, one must go through when developing a relationship with another person. There is give and take with all individuals associated with a relationship, and relationships take time to develop. I will forever keep this theory in the back of my mind as I embark on my professional career where creating, developing, and maintaining relationships is so important. Groupthink Groups are sets of individuals whose goal is to work toward completing a task or solving a problem. Groups need a solid foundation and need to be able to remain unaffected by all other influences. In order for the members of a group to work together effectively, the group needs a certain level of cohesiveness, or culture, within the group. Group cohesion encourages greater satisfaction within the group, the group members are more enthusiastic, and the group experience is overall positive. As a student, I am required to work in groups on a pretty regular basis. For example, I am an ambassador for the Graduate Student Association on campus. As an ambassador I am required to attend planning meetings, assist when we host events, and serve as a liaison between the GSA and certain departments on campus. As a task oriented group, every group member has a specific job assigned to them, and when everyone does their job, our overall goal is more easily accomplished. Groupthink is a way of group negotiation that reduces conflict and emphasizes the need for unison. When working within a group, sometimes it is easy to have tunnel vision on the end result. We can succumb to pressures of needing to keep the group harmonious and not really address the problem that we need to solve. The need to form a homogeneous group often distracts away from the true purpose of the group. Furthermore, rather than face rejection, some members will even withhold their input if it differs from others’ within the group. The initial group meeting for any group is where groupthink is going to be most visible. Certain people choose not to speak up if their opinion slightly differs, some people do not want to offer up new ideas, and everyone looks to the group leader for direction. As meetings become more frequent and the group members get to know each other, I believe those barriers break down and people feel more open to express their opinions. On the other hand, there will always be group members who are never afraid to voice their opinions. It is easy for those people to have influence over the less vocal members in the group, so it is important to keep a happy balance. The only problem with this theory, as it relates to the group I am a part of, is that the theory seems to focus more on decision making groups. Though the GSA committee makes decisions that affect the graduate student body as a whole, it is not our primary role. This particular group, as originally stated, is more task oriented. Regardless, overcoming groupthink is a reoccurring challenge when working within a group. One of the ways we have actively addressed groupthink within the GSA committee is by allowing members to voice their doubts. We have created a very neutral environment where everyone feels comfortable expressing their thoughts, even if they differ from the majority of the group. When we cannot make a unanimous decision on an issue or task, we completely discuss both sides. Without interruption, without judgement, and without ridicule, we as group work together to find the solution that will be best for the group as a whole. References West, R., Turner, L. (2010). Groupthink. In Introducing communication theory: Analysis and application (5th Ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. West, R., Turner, L. (2010). Organizational Culture. In Introducing communication theory: Analysis and application (5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. West, R., Turner, L. (2010). Social Penetration Theory. In Introducing communication theory: Analysis and application (5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill. West, R., Turner, L. (2010). Structuration Theory. In Introducing communication theory: Analysis and application (5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

Lord of the Flies :: essays papers

Lord of the Flies Imagine having to be flown away from your home because of a war. That is bad enough. But, then imagine your plane crashing on some deserted island on your way there. The pilot of your plane is dead and your stuck with approximately 20 other young boys like yourself. No adults! What are you going to do? This is the scenario in the movie "Lord of the Flies". At first all of the little boys come together and work together to figure out what they are going to do and how they are going to handle things. They are civilized little English school boys in the beginning. They go around and find out what everyone's name is. They get together in a meeting and vote a young boy named Ralph as the leader. Ralph is a quiet and well mannered little boy and he looks out for the best of everyone. Ralph believes in decency and civilization. Ralph has a follower nicknamed Piggy. Piggy is an overweight smart little kid. Ralph makes up rules like only one person talking at once and you have to raise your hands. Things like this that keeps order in the group. Piggy always backs Ralph up on his decisions. Things go well for a while, until they start believing that there is a beast that is on their island and is after them. The civilizations starts to change when Jack, a snotty sarcastic kid, takes a group to hunt for the beast. They start killing pigs and eating the meat. Things start to get out of control and they begin to paint their faces and sharpen spears. So, the group gets divided because more boys start to follow Jack because they have food even though they are crazy. Jack's group accidentally kills Simon, one of the younger boys. Piggy sticks with Ralph the whole time, even when they were the only ones left with some decency. Jack and his friends come and steal Piggy's glasses to start a fire and this makes Ralph mad. Ralph and Piggy go to regain Piggy's glasses and Jack's tribe makes a huge boulder fall on Piggy. They killed him. This leaves Ralph as the last one left. So Jack's tribe hunts him. They chase him all through the jungle and then onto the beach. Ralph stumbl es and falls right onto a man with white pants and bright white shoes.

Matilda :: Essays Papers

Matilda Squinting her eyes and concentrating very hard, Matilda managed to tip the glass of water over onto Miss Trunchbull, this being only the beginning of what was to happen next with her new found powers. Matilda, by Roald Dahl was creative and fun. I recommend it to anyone who is in for a little youthful adventure. It tells the story of a little girl with a horrible life. Her parents have no interest in her, and the Headmistress at her school is monstrous. Matilda deals with her problems by reading and learning mathematics. She is very bright and clever for a five year old. She soon discovers that she is able to move objects with her mind alone. Matilda’s parents are Mr. and Mrs. Wormwood. Being completely involved in the â€Å"Tele,† Mrs. Wormwood pays no attention to Matilda and what she has to say about anything. Mr. Wormwood, on the other hand, does nothing for Matilda except chastise her every move. Feeling unloved, Matilda turns to reading to keep her busy. Thinking that books are stupid, Mr. Wormwood calls her stupid and foolish for wasting her time on such things. Despite the verbal abuse from her parents, Matilda continues with her interests and does what she can to get back at her father for constantly denouncing her. For instance, she replaced his hair tonic with her mother’s hair dye, causing Mr. Wormwood’s hair to be turned a platinum blonde. On her first day of school, Matilda’s teacher Miss Honey becomes very interested in her abilities, wondering where the child picked up such an ability to solve complicated mathematical equations and read such great novels for a child her age. Miss Honey is a petite woman. She is timid towards her aunt, Miss Trunchbull, but can handle the first semester kids very well. Miss Trunchbull, a large intimidating woman, is very cold at heart. She was suspected of rubbing off Miss Honey’s father, Dr. Honey, and forged a will that gave her his house and left nothing for Miss Jennifer Honey. When Matilda was told about this, she became enthralled in helping out Miss Jennifer Honey with getting her house back. One day in class, the atrocious Miss Trunchbull was yelling at everyone because there was a newt in her water. She, of course, blamed the whole milestone on Matilda, who was innocent.

Copyright vs. the Right to Copy Essay -- Computers Technology Internet

Copyright vs. the Right to Copy Today's digital technology and the computer have changed how the average consumer can acquire information and entertainment. No longer do we have to wait for the CD to hear a new song, or the release date to watch a movie. The technology is available on our home computers. But is this an infringement on copyright? What about the rights of artists, authors, producers, or actors? Has our technology progressed so far that it infringes on these peoples' livings? It is only a matter of time before laws are passed regarding Internet use. Are we ready to give up the freedom we have had up to this point? In her essay "The Digital Rights War", Pamela Samuelson states that " The new future of technically protected information is so far from the ordinary person's experience that few of us have any clue about what is at stake". (Samuelson 316) With today's technology consumers can download almost anything from their computer and copy it onto a CD Rom or to an MP3 player. Pirated copies of songs from CDs that are not yet released or movies that are still in the theaters are put on the Internet available for anyone to use or copy. These are extreme examples of the problem at hand. What lengths do we need to go to in protecting artists' rights? Pirating is nothing new. When I was in high school bootleg copies of concerts were available to buy on cassette. There will always be some people that don't follow the law, and even if we tighten up current copyrighting laws those people will find a way around them. The average consumer may download songs or articles from the Internet, but they do not distribute them or reproduce them. If they do reproduce them it is usually for personal use. The MP3 player that ... ...May 7, 2000. http://www.mp3.com Napster.com. "Information about Metallica's Request to Disable Napster Users." Napster Home Page. 1999-2000. May 7, 2000. http://www.napster.com RIAA. "Copyright Basics", "Napster Lawsuit Q & A." Recording Industry Association of America Home Page. May 7, 2000. http://www.riaa.com Samuelson, Pamela. "The Digital Rights War." The Presence of Others. Ed. Andrea A. Lunsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. Boston, New York: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2000. 315-321. U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress. "The Digital Millennium copyright Act of 1998." December, 1998. May 7, 2000. http://lcweb.loc.gov/copyright/ White House Information Infrastructure Task Force. " Intellectual Property and the National Information Infrastructure:" U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. 1995. http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/doc/ipnii/execsum.html

Managing Quality in Partnership Working with Service Users

Central College London Module Study Guide G: Managing Quality in Partnership Working Graduate Diploma in Health and Social Care – Level 5 Module G: Managing Quality in Partnership Working The learner will: 1 Understand differing perspectives of quality and partnership working in relation to health and social care services Partnership: empowerment; independence; autonomy; power; informed choice; staff and organisation groups eg statutory, voluntary, private, independent, charitable; service usersQuality: audit; quality control; role of agencies eg Care Quality Commission, NICE; role of staff and users; quality perspectives eg Servqual-Zeithaml, Parasuraman and Berry; technical quality; functional quality http://areas. kenan-flagler. unc. edu/Marketing/FacultyStaff/zeithaml/Selected%20Publications/SERVQUAL-%20A%20Multiple-Item%20Scale%20for%20Measuring%20Consumer%20Perceptions%20of%20Service%20Quality. pdf The learner can: 1. 1 Discuss the philosophy of working in partnership in health and social care 1. Analyse the role of external agencies in setting standards and the impact this has on service quality The learner will: 2 Understand how to promote partnership philosophies and relationships in health and social care services Partnership working: empowerment; theories of collaborative working; informed decision making; confidentiality; professional roles and responsibilities; models of working eg unified, coordinated, coalition and hybrid models; management structures; communication methods; inter-disciplinary and inter-agency working and joint working agreements.Legislation: current and relevant legislation eg safeguarding, equality, diversity, disability, data protection Organisational practices and policies: current and relevant practices; agreed ways of working; services planning procedures and employment practices for different bodies ie statutory, voluntary, specialist units; risk assessment procedures The learner can: 2. 1 Compare models of partners hip working and discuss how differences in working practices and policies affect collaborative working across the sector 2. Evaluate current legislation and organisational practices and policies for partnership working in health and social care The learner will: 3Understand strategies for achieving quality in health and social care services Standards: minimum standards; best practice; benchmarks; performance indicators; charters; codes of practice; legislation eg local, national, European Implementing quality: planning, policies and procedures; target setting; audit; monitoring; review; resources (financial, equipment, personnel, accommodation); communication; information; adapting to changeBarriers: external (inter-agency interactions, legislation, social policy); internal (risks, resources, organisational structures, interactions between people) The learner can: 3. 1 Explain the standards that exist in health and social care for measuring quality 3. 2 Evaluate different approaches to implementing quality systems 3. 3 Analyse potential barriers to delivery of quality health and social care services The learner will: 4Evaluate the outcomes of partnership working for users of services, professionals and organisations in health and social care servicesOutcomes for service users: positive eg improved services, empowerment, autonomy, informed decision making; negative eg neglect, abuse, harm, anger, miscommunication, information overload, confusion, duplication of service provision, disempowerment Outcomes for professionals: positive eg coordinated service provision, professional approach, clear roles and responsibilities, organised communication, preventing mistakes, efficient use of resources; negative eg professional conflict, miscommunication, time wasting, mismanagement of fundingOutcomes for organisations: positive eg coherent approach, shared principles, comprehensive service provision, common working practices, integrated services; negative eg communicatio n breakdown, disjointed service provision, increased costs, loss of shared purpose Barriers to partnership working: lack of understanding of roles and responsibilities; negative attitudes; lack of communication; not sharing information; different priorities; different attitudes and valuesStrategies to improve outcomes: communication; information sharing; consultation; negotiation; models of empowerment; collective multi-agency working; dealing with conflict; stakeholder analysis The learner can: 4. 1 Analyse outcomes and barriers for partnership working for users of services, professionals and organisations 4. 2 Describe strategies to improve outcomes for partnership working in health and social care services The learner will: 5 Understand methodologies for evaluating health and social care service qualityMethods for assessing quality: questionnaires; focus groups; structured ans semi-structured interviews; panels, complaints procedures; open forums Perspectives: external eg inspect ion agencies; internal eg service standards; continuous improvement : mechanisms eg consultation, panels, user managed services The learner can: 5. 1 Analyse methods for evaluating health and social care service quality with regards to external and internal perspectives 5. 2 Discuss the impact that involving users of services in the evaluation process has on service quality ————————————————- Internal Assessment Guidance – Module D:Task 1 – Type of evidence: Presentation Assessment criteria: 1. 1, 1. 2, 4. 1, 4. 2 Additional information: Constitutes 30% of module mark Activity Review how a local health or social care provider engages with relevant partners in the delivery of their service, and how this can impact on the quality of the service they provide. You may already be familiar with this health or social care provider and have some knowledge of their app roach to partnership and quality standards OR you can choose a provider and analyse their practice based on the information contained: * Within their marketing / promotional material On their website * Within their latest report from the Care Quality Commission (CQC) Please note in order to maintain confidentiality you can only refer to information that is available within the public domain Review their practice and answer the following questions in your presentation: a) How do they work in partnership with: outside agencies; specialist services; service users; professional bodies; voluntary and other organisations? (1. 1) b) How do these partnerships impact the quality of service provided? 1. 2) c) Analyse outcomes and barriers for partnership working with service users within this service (4. 1) d) Describe strategies that could improve outcomes for partnership working within this service (4. 2) You will need to prepare a presentation of approximately 10 minutes duration to illust rate your answers to the questions above. In your presentation you need to include copies of slides and presentation notes and submit a copy to your assessor. Your final slide should list correctly any references used.Presentation date: Week 3 Task 2 – Type of evidence: Report Assessment criteria: All of 2, 3 and 5. Constitutes 50% of the module mark Additional information: Word limit 1500 words Activity Using information available related to the health or social care provider that was the focus of your presentation for Task 1, submit a report answering the following questions: 1) Identify positive aspects of partnership practice within the service, and discuss how partnership practice could be improved (2. ) 2) Evaluate how relevant legislation is implemented to affect organisational practice related to partnership working (2. 2) 3) Explain at least five standards that exist for measuring quality (3. 1) 4) Identify and evaluate approaches to implementing quality systems (3. 2) 5) Analyse any barriers or potential barriers to delivering a good quality service (3. 3) 6) Analyse methods used for evaluating the quality of the service provided (5. 1) 7) Discuss the impact of any involvement of services users in the evaluation of service quality (5. 2)In order to promote confidentiality, ensure that you only refer to material and information that is available within the public domain. All sources of evidence should be accurately referenced at the end of your report. Task 3- Essay (500-700 words) . This will constitute 20% of the module mark. Reflect and write an essay which will identify what you have learned from this module to include personal strengths and weaknesses during the learning process. Highlight any need that will require development for the future which would enhance your employability. Submission date: 17/05/2013

In the country, people are forced to confront their faults and lead a more honest way of life. Consider She Stoops to Conquer in the light of this comment

Traditionally the pastoral genre celebrates the virtues of simple, unsophisticated life removed from the city. The rural countryside hosts a nostalgic population longing for a bucolic paradise where people live in peace, harmony and honesty, similar to the existence of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden before the fall. This depiction of idyllic rural life is presented by Goldsmith in She Stoops to Conquer, however the deception of characters throughout the play can be seen to distort this view of traditional country life. Goldsmith uses the character of Mr Hardcastle to epitomise the honest nature of country folk. Mr Hardcastle is presented as a traditional, old country squire, who is characterised as open and direct. He confesses honestly that he ‘loves everything that’s old’ and that he’s not interested in ‘vanity’. ‘Vanity’ suggests superficiality and that true character traits are omitted by ‘jewels’ and ‘ornaments’ in order to deceive those around and promote a dishonest appearance. Hardcastle associates this ‘vanity’ with the town, which is seen traditionally in pastoral literature as nefarious and corrupt compared to the simple, pragmatic country setting. It could be interpreted that Mr Hardcastle’s long life spent in the country, shown through use of the name ‘squire’ which has connotations of a rural existence, has resulted in his genuine personality, ‘to be plain with you. ’ However, Goldsmith uses asides in Hardcastle’s speech to show his anguish over the impudence of ‘such a brazen dog’, Marlow. The asides present Hardcastle’s true feelings of disgust towards the town folk which contrasts his direct speech to Marlow which remains dignified and respectful, shown through the address of ‘sir’. These asides present Hardcastle as a less direct character than originally perceived, suggesting country dwellers can be just as malicious as those from the town and subsequently, a country existence doesn’t necessarily equate to an honest way of life. Despite this, it is the rudeness of Marlow and Hastings which arouses these feelings in Hardcastle through curt demands for ‘warm punch’. This reflects a primary theme in the pastoral genre of the town corrupting the country, since Hardcastle is cordial towards his servants as Goldsmith refers to each by their first name in Hardcastle’s speech, ‘Diggory’, and Hardcastle’s rude asides are presented to be spawned from the impudence of the town characters, thus suggesting that the country promotes courteous manners meanwhile the town corrupts and faults characters. Goldsmith characterises some characters as self-deceiving and deluded, which is technically a weakness. Unlike Mr Hardcastle’s love of ‘old’, Mrs Hardcastle contrarily speaks positively of the town, commenting on its ability to ‘rub off the rust’, ‘rust’ suggests that Mrs Hardcastle finds country life dull, contrasting the excitement of ‘London’ and the ‘fashions’. Goldsmith uses references to places in London to suggest that Mrs Hardcastle is informed on ‘every tete-a-tete’, only to later reveal that ironically Mrs Hardcastle only ‘enjoy(s) London at second-hand’, through the ‘Scandalous Magazine’, which comically illuminates the fact she has never actually visited London. To enforce this irony, Goldsmith utilises some references to sinister settings in London in Marlow’s speech, ‘bred’ at ‘Tower Wharf’, which was not a fashionable area in the 18th century and was notorious for thievery which Mrs Hardcastle is ignorant to, shown by her grateful response ‘pleased to say so’. This mockery of Mrs Hardcastle presents her as a pathetic woman who has deluded herself into believing she is astute to ‘all the fashions’, which can further be interpreted as a fault in her character which remains present at the end of the play, therefore suggesting the country isn’t necessarily a utopic landscape of retribution. Furthermore, Goldsmith characterises many of the rural characters as simple and stubborn, unwilling to change routine which is mimetic of the unyielding nature of the country, therefore any faults that they may have are irreversible. In Tony’s song at the Three Pigeons pub, he toasts ‘here’s the Three Jolly Pigeons for ever’, ‘for ever’ has a sense of routine which cannot be altered, reflecting that his life will never change and his tricks and mischief will continue ‘for ever’. Consequently Goldsmith highlights the unyielding characteristic of the country which can nourish pre-existing traits in characters instead of correcting them. The ‘gentlemen’ of the town Marlow and Hastings are initially presented by Goldsmith to be sophisticated and scholarly, which was how most men of the town were perceived in the 18th century. However, it soon becomes apparent that both characters possess faults underneath the posh urban veneer. Goldsmith reveals, through Hastings, that Marlow is ‘such a trembler’ when he is around women of high status, which is ironic considering he should be able to converse easily with facets of high society to which he himself belongs. Goldsmith then augments this fault in Marlow’s character through stage directions, ‘gathering courage’, which reveals Marlow’s ‘awkward address’ as he talks to Kate. Nonetheless, through Kate’s deception Marlow is forced to amend his ‘bashful manner’. Once Marlow ‘mistook (Kate) for the barmaid’ and a woman of low status, because of her attire ‘that every lady wears in the country’, he was able to look her ‘full in the face’ and speak without hesitation, shown through Goldsmith’s use of stichomythia, and consequently overcome his faulted nature. Therefore Goldsmith shows that through the simple bucolic, country and its inhabitants, Marlow could relax and correct his imperfections, developing into a more ‘confident’ character. Furthermore, when it’s revealed to Marlow that Kate is in fact Hardcastle’s daughter, Marlow’s embarrassment which he describes as ‘worse than death’, proves to Hardcastle Marlow’s earlier impudence was ‘all a mistake’, which resolved the tension between Hardcastle and Marlow formed from Marlow’s supposed ‘brazen’ manner. Despite this, Kate’s deception of Marlow could be considered an unresolved fault especially considering a previous title of the play was Mistakes of the Night suggesting Kate’s actions were faulted ‘mistakes’, which contradicts the stereotype of rural folk being welcoming and honest. However, Kate’s deception was not malicious, which Goldsmith shows through interjections of laughter in Kate’s speech ‘ha! ha! ha! ’ The ruse ensured their romance, ‘he loves you’, which would have gone amiss due to Marlow’s ‘mauvaise honte’ and inability to communicate with upper class women. Moreover, during the denouement of the play, Kate revealed to Marlow she was ‘that very identical†¦ lady’ he first met. Therefore Kate’s deception was eventually uncovered in total honesty and thus concluded the play in a traditionally comedic and light hearted manner, with Hardcastle giving his blessing to Marlow, ‘boy, take her. ’ Similarly, Tony could be considered as the opposite of the simple, honest doric characters in the play, since he tricks Marlow and Hastings into believing his house is ‘one of the best inns in the country. Tony’s jest actually creates faults in Marlow in Hastings, since they are exploitative of Hardcastle’s good will, ‘he has taken possession of the easy chair†¦ already. ’ The use of ‘already’ shows Hardcastle’s disgust at the impudence of the two men, which was only uncovered because of their belief they were staying at an inn which they were paying for, †˜bring me my bill’, the use of the imperative in Marlow’s speech highlights his insolence towards Hardcastle. Although Tony’s jest created more faults in characters and led to Marlow’s lack of respect towards Hardcastle, Tony’s trick; like Kate’s, wasn’t vicious nor did it have any lasting effects. Clive Fuller reviewed the stage performance in Birmingham and said â€Å"there is great farce as the deception unfolds† reflecting the comedy of the situation which proves no great harm is caused. Once the ruse had been discovered, everything was settled and the characters resolved their issues, shown through the stage directions ‘joining their hands’ which represents unity in the household. Moreover, Tony’s deception of Marlow enabled Kate to pretend to be the ‘barmaid’ at the ‘inn’, which ultimately resulted in her romance with him, ‘he loves you’, thus Tony’s trick can be viewed as intending to amuse rather than destroy, suggesting the country does promote honest living. Throughout She Stoops to Conquer, Goldsmith illuminates many faults in each character, most of which are amended at the end of the play, subsequently ending the piece in a light-hearted manner and in the style of a traditional Shakespearean comedy, with which Goldsmith’s work was associated. Therefore overall, the country and its many inhabitants do often lead a more honest life and encourage other faulted characters to do the same.

Enhancers and inhibitors Essay

If you don’t know the topic that the service user wants to discuss then just for the sake of it you shouldn’t carry on the conversation as your lack of understanding may not be guiding them in the right direction, so you should then find someone who can help sort out their issue and leave them in someone else’s care. Therefore enhancing safety/security because if you are informing the service user how to go about sorting out a medical issue and you are not qualified to diagnose them but you still make them think they have some life threatening disease and they don’t by doing this you are putting their safety at risk. Effective communication can be enhanced if the service user knows that the professional does not know what he/she is talking about they may not want to talk about personal problems if they feel they are not being taken seriously. Timing is a key aspect of communication as if you don’t have enough you shouldn’t rush through a conversation either rearrange the timings so you have enough or sort out another date when you can meet properly and talk through the matter, as this is the more professional way of handling time problems. Healthcare professionals shouldn’t discuss personal matters in unprofessional settings. For example where there is a lot of background disturbance and this could affect the way in which the service user would talk to you and how much of their personal problems they would share down a busy corridor shouting over people. In order to enhance the service users’ care values/rights it is important that the care worker maintains the dignity, privacy, safety/security and effective communication of the service user in this situation. The care worker can maintain the service users’ dignity by not shouting medical complications that the service user might have across people as this may not make the service user feel very comfortable especially if they are with friends or family. By using a private consultation room to discuss any concerns the carer or service user may have is a better way to enhance the service users’ rights. Shouting personal problems across public places can put the service users’ safety/security at risk as this would decrease their trust in the carer. When you consider all these aspects discussed above you can gain the service users trust and respect and this is a good, open relationship to have between a service user and a care worker enabling the service user to be able to talk to the care worker about any problems they may have to share their concerns about. Having good relationships with your clients is very important because the service user won’t have to feel a barrier between them and can open up to the care worker more easily. Password protection is also crucial as no one should know your password other than you and it must be changed regularly as if certain information gets into the wrong hands then it can be used unprofessionally and this is breaking the Data Protection Act. This enhances confidentiality, privacy and safety/security. It enhances confidentiality because by using passwords and changing them regularly it makes it harder for personal information to get into the wrong hands. If certain personal documents/information does get into the wrong hands then this could put the service users’ safety/security at risk. Having different formats is also essential as there are people who have various impairments and they would need to access the same information as people who don’t have these impairments and they can be as leaflets in Braille or other languages. This enhances effective communication and choice as you are providing everyone who may need to use the same facilities as other people who don’t have impairments or communicating problems with the correct format that they would understand. If some hospitals/doctors surgeries don’t cater for the needs of these different needs and requirements it may be seen as an inhibitor to communication.

Evaporationin Our Daily Life Essay

In a society based only on materialistic possessions, sometimes we overlook even the simplest of things, and the most valuable to our survival as a human race and as a planet. Everywhere around us people envy great architects and artists because of their remarkable creations. Though, we, as a human race disregard the importance of less tangible commodities, developed by the greatest artist ever, Mother Nature. She has given us the most magnificent and staggering artwork imaginable, our environment. But only through the most convoluted processes have these masterpieces been created. From humans to flowers and everything in between, a thorough process is behind everything. Before birth, for example, human must grow and develop through their three trimesters. Also before a plant is full-grown, it must first mature and survive as a seedling. Because although living creatures may be the most evident of Mother Nature’s creations, there may be more to it. Life is only possible in a suitable environment. On earth, that environment is created by our weather dynamics. Weather dynamics is the study of how the motion of water and air cause weather patterns. Our Global weather systems are reflections of our atmosphere and its make up. Weather systems react to the temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. These three control systems are affected by one simple process, evaporation. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid water directly into its vapor or gaseousstate. Through evaporation, water from the surface is transferred straight into the atmosphere. Worldwide, evaporation is usually seen as the moderator of weather. Evaporation controls cloud cover, surface temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure. All of these factors depend on the rate of evaporation and the differentiation in the rate of evaporation allows for the diverse climate conditions, which we see around the world each day. This leads us to the question that must be answered, to know and understand the factors that affect the rate of evaporation. Through extensive thought and calibration we have found that the six factors, which effect evaporation are temperature, surface area, humidity, presence of foreign particles, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed. The first and most important factor that affects evaporation is temperature. Temperature is the measure of the average amount of energy in the particles of a particular substance. Many people are probably already aware that when water boils, it will evaporate into the air as a vapor or gas until there is no liquid left in that particular container. This is true, because liquids achieve the peak level of evaporation when heated to their boiling point. What few realize though, is that as temperature decreases, there is still evaporation, the amount occurring at any given time though, does decrease with the temperature. The reason why temperature affects evaporation is fairly simple to understand when referring to the collision model. In the collision model, it states that in order to increase the rate of any reaction you must either increase the number of collisions, or increase the fraction of collisions that are effective. Increasing the temperature allows the rate of evaporation to increase through two methods. First of all, in a true, constant environment, temperature of the water, and temperature of the surrounding air usually is fairly similar, so variations of surrounding temperatures do not often change the temperature of the water. But, by increasing the temperature of the water, it gives molecules more kinetic energy. This allows more molecules to break through or escape into the atmosphere by increasing the number of collisions with air particles. This raise in the temperature also increases the effectiveness of each collision by granting more molecules the activation energy required to escape into the surrounding air, therefore increasing the rate of evaporation significantly. Temperature is most likely the number one factor when looking at evaporation in relation to rainfall around the world. But aside from Temperature, many other factors are recognized as affecting the rate of evaporation. The second factor, which we believe, plays a role in the rate at which evaporation occurs is surface area. Surface area of a liquid could be defined as the area or amount of water which in constant contact with the atmosphere. Surface area plays a large role in our weather systems, as shown  by our oceans. Our oceans our widely exposed to the atmosphere and have a large surface area. This in turn allows them to produce most of the moisture in the air through evaporation. The change in the rate of evaporation by surface area is evident for all eyes in the proceeding experiments later in this report. The effect that surface area has on evaporation can be explained using the example from the understanding concepts question #1 on page 535. In this question it states that one litre of water is placed into each a pie plate and a jar. They were both placed into the same room and were given time to evaporate. Our prediction is that the water in the pie plate would evaporate quicker, assuming its opening was wider than the jar. This would be because of the difference in surface area. In this case as in every other increase in evaporation due to surface area increase, it can be explained by one simple fact. Allowing the two reactants (air and water) to contact more of each other will increase the rate of reaction. This occurs because of the increase in the number of collisions occurring between the two substances, according to the collision model, will increase the rate of reaction. The third instance where we believe the evaporation rate would change is with the fluctuation of relative humidity. Humidity is defined as the amount of water vapor in a defined space relative to the amount of air present. Humidity can be used to explain question #5 on page 235, why people who are in Arizona at 33 degrees Celsius feel more comfortable than people at the same temperature in Toronto do. The general population usually does not like the heavy feeling of moisture in the air and in Toronto, humidity is much higher than in the dry state of Arizona, which explains the comfort variation. Also, in reference to question #3 on the same page, humidity would affect the evaporation of these lakes. And in all instances, humidity strongly affects the rate of evaporation of any body of water. Unfortunately, although we, as a group, were not able to test our hypothesis because of lack of materials, we feel that we can strongly support it with scientific  fact. Directly, humidity fills the space in between air particles with water vapor. Because these spaces are filled, now there is less room in the surrounding environment for water molecules escaping from the water. In turn, the increase in humidity will decrease the rate of evaporation by â€Å"raising the bar† for the amount of activation energy that any given particle needs to escape into the atmosphere. This decreases the effectiveness of collisions in the physical change of evaporation occurring here. On the other hand though, a decrease in the amount of moisture in the air will increase the rate of evaporation by increasing the effectiveness of collisions in particles trying to escape into the atmosphere. In short, humidity plays an important role in evaporation worldwide. The next factor that affects evaporation is the presence of foreign particles, and the most predominant, salt. Water, as we know, is rarely found pure which is why we conducted this experiment. As presented by question #4 on page 535, we pondered whether salt water or fresh water would evaporate faster. Our conclusion that we reached is that fresh water would evaporate quicker. First of all, salt water is not a chemical combination; therefore, no properties, such as, the boiling point would change by a great amount. Salt water though, does have a slower rate of evaporation because it reduces the amount of water particles that have access to the air. With less water molecules able to reach the air, fewer particles have a chance of escaping. This is true and is supported by the collision model, because in the model, as in this example, the reduction in the collisions between particles causes the rate of evaporation to recess. But, salt content is not the only factor that has an affect on the rate of evaporation of water. Also, Atmospheric pressure has a great affect on the rate of evaporation. Atmospheric pressure is the pressure that air exerts upon objects as it is pulled, by gravity, towards the center of the earth. And although, due to lack of material limitations we could not conduct this experiment, we believe atmospheric pressure has an affect on evaporation similar to that of humidity. With a greater pressure, air molecules are packed closer together and there is less space between them. Then, like humidity, a greater atmospheric pressure â€Å"raises the bar† and activation energy needed for water  molecules to escape into the atmosphere and surrounding air. This â€Å"raise† reduces the effectiveness of collisions with the air and therefore, reduces the rate of evaporation when atmospheric pressure is greater. Generally, this explains why high-pressure systems are associated with no or little cloud cover. There is little moisture in the air to form clouds and provide our nic e clear day. The sixth and final factor that affects the rate of evaporation is wind speed or the presence of wind. Wind is generally associated with the horizontal movement of air, as a type of advection. As asked in question #2 on page 535, increase in the speed or amount of wind, increases the evaporation of a liquid. These can be explained by using our experiment with the vacuum hood. As water evaporates, the humidity of the air increases because the spaces between air particles are becoming filled with water molecules. As we have learned, leaving these particles in the air increases humidity and subsequently reduce the rate of evaporation, the opposite affect of which we want. What wind does, is it blows the water particles away from the surface of the water allowing more room for particles to evaporate into the atmosphere. The second way that wind helps to increase the rate of evaporation is it lowers the atmospheric pressure exerted on the water. According to Bernoulli’s principle, when the speed of the air is high, the pressure is low, and when the speed of the air is low, the pressure is high. Wind increase the speed of the air, and in turn, lowers the pressure on the surface of the water. This, combined with the significant drop in humidity â€Å"lowers the bar† of activation energy required by water molecules to escape into the atmosphere and increases the rate of evaporation by increasing the effectiveness of the particles that are trying to escape into the vapor in the air. All in all, weather makes life possible, but one of the most predominant forces in the complexity of weather is the process of evaporation. And  although, this process is overlooked by many, it is valued and recognized as an important process in sustaining life by all members of our group. With 80% of all water coming from saltwater oceans, factors that affect evaporation must be studied in order to utilize this natural purifying process to our advantage. By studying temperature, surface area, humidity, presence of foreign particles, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed, we may some day do what Mother Nature has been doing for centuries, use evaporation to our advantage. And as a group, individuals in a worldwide community, I could only imagine the possibilities if everyone was informed about our weather. Because what some take for granted now, may not be there when we need it, in the end, necessary for survival.