Analysis of Open and Closed Economies

Analysis of Open and Closed EconomiesTable of Contents (Jump to)TASK11.0 DEFINITION OF bluff ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMY1.1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMY1.2 COUNTRY WHO serve OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMY1.3 CONSUMPTION AMONG OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMY1.4 coronation AMONG THE OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMY1.5 IMPORT AMONG THE OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMYTASK22.0 hire2.1 WEALTH scattering2.3 FOUR PRODUCTION FACTORS EFFICIENTLY AMONG WEALTH dissemination2.4 INTRODUCE NEW engine room AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTION2.5 INVESTMENT IN NEWPLANT AND EQUIPMENT AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTION2.6 ENSURE SUFFICIENT DEMAND AND leave FOR PRODUCTS AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTION3.0 CONCULUSION4.0 REFERENCESTASK11.0 DEFINITION OF OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMYAn open parsimony is an saving in which there argon economic activities in the midst of home(prenominal) community and outside, e.g. people, including businesses, can trade in goods and services with early(a) people and b usinesses in the world-wide community, and flow of funds as investment across the border. Trade can be in the form of managerial exchange, technology transfers, exclusively kinds of goods and services. Although, there be certain exceptions that can non be exchanged, like, rail expression services of a country can non be traded with another to avail this service, a country has to produce its own. This contrasts with a closed(a) economy in which international trade and finance cannot make full place. The act of selling goods or services to a foreign country is called exporting. The act of buying goods or services from a foreign country is called importing. together exporting and importing be collectively called international trade. There are a number of reinforcements for citizens of a country with an open economy. One unproblematic advantage is that the citizen consumers engage a much larger material body of goods and services from which to choose. Additionally, consumers have an opportunity to invest their savings outside of the country. In an open economy, a countrys spending in any wedded year carry not to equal its sidetrack of goods and services. A country can spend more m oney than it produces by borrowing from abroad, or it can spend less than it produces and lend the difference to foreigners. There is no closed economy in todays world.An economy in which no activity is conducted with outside economies. A closed economy is self-sufficient, meaning that no imports are brought in and no exports are sent out. The goal is to provide consumers with everything that they indispensability from within the economys borders. A closed economy is the opposite of an open economy, in which a country testament conduct trade with outside regions.1.1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMY1.2 COUNTRY WHO coiffe OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMYAmerican countries in adopting open economy and exempt and other trade practices or the United States a n open economy is the opposite of a managed economy. It is one that is characteristically market-oriented, with free market policies rather than organisation-imposed price controls. In an open economy industries tend to be privately possess rather than owned by the government. In the area of international trade an open economy is one whose policies promote free trade over protectionism .On the other hand, a managed or closed economy is characterized by protective tariffs, state-run or nationalized industries, extensive government regulations and price controls, and similar policies indicative of a government-controlled economy. In a managed economy the government typically intervenes to influence the mathematical product of goods and services. In an open economy, market forces are allowed to restrain employment levels. A completely open economy exists only in opening. For example, no country in the world allows unlimited free access to its markets. Most nations have fiscal and monetary policies that attempt to meliorate their economies. Many economies that are open in some respects may still have government owned, monopolistic industries. A country is considered to have an open economy, however, if its policies allow market forces to determine such matters as occupation and pricing.1.3 CONSUMPTION AMONG OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMYIn a closed economy, all product is sold domestically, and expenditure is secernd into three components consumption, investment, and government purchases.Y = C + I + G an open economy, some output is sold domestically and some is exported to be sold abroad. We can divide expenditure on an open economys output Y into four components Cd, consumption of domestic goods and services, Id, investment in domestic goods and services, good government purchases of domestic goods and services, X, exports of domestic goods and services. The division of expenditure into these components is show in the identity.1.4 INVESTMENT AMONG THE OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMYAn open economy is one that engages in international exchange of goods, services, and investments. Exports are goods and services sold to buyers outside the country, while imports are those purchased from foreigners. The difference between exports and imports of goods and services is called net exports. When foreign trade is introduced, domestic demand can differ from national output. domestic demand comprises consumption, investment, and government purchases (C + I + G). To obtain GDP, exports Ex) must be added and imports (Im) subtracted, GDP = C + I + G + X.1.5 IMPORT AMONG THE OPEN ECONOMY AND CLOSE ECONOMYThe act of selling goods or services to a foreign country is called exporting. The act of buying goods or services from a foreign country is called importing. Together exporting and importing are collectively called international trade. There are a number of advantages for citizens of a country with an open economy. One primary advantage is that the citizen consumers have a much larger variety of goods and services from which to choose. Additionally, consumers have an opportunity to invest their savings outside of the country.TASK22.0 UTILIZEUtility, or usefulness, is the ability of something to carry out needs or wants. Utility is an important concept in economics and game theory, because it represents satisfaction undergo by the consumer of a good. Not coincidentally, a good is something that satisfies gracious wants and provides utility, for example, to a consumer making a purchase. It was recognized that one cannot directly measure benefit, satisfaction or happiness from a good or service, so instead economists have devised ways of representing and measuring utility in terms of economic choices that can be counted. Economists have attempted to perfect highly abstract methods of comparing utilities by observing and calculating economic choices. In the simplest sense, economists consider utility to be revealed in peo ples willingness to pay unlike amounts for an economic term referring to the nub satisfaction received from consuming a good or service. A company that generates transmits and/or distributes electricity, body of water and/or gas from facilities that it owns and/or operates.2.1 WEALTH DISTRIBUTIONThe distribution of wealth is a comparison of the wealth of various members or groups in a society. It differs from the distribution of income in that it looks at the distribution of ownership of the assets in a society the word wealth is often confused with income. These dickens terms describe different but related things. Wealth consists of those items of economic measure that an individual owns, while income is an inflow of items of economic value (See Stock and flow.) The relation between wealth, income, and expenses is rather than the current income of members of that society.2.3 FOUR PRODUCTION FACTORS EFFICIENTLY AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTIONThe four instruments of production in econ omics are disgrace, struggle, capital and entrepreneurship. In economics, elements of product are the inputs to the production process. Finished goods are the output. Input determines the quantity of output i.e. output depends upon input. Input is the starting point and output is the end point of production process and such input-output relationship is called a production function. There are three basic factors of production land, labor, capital. Some modern economists also consider entrepreneurship for a factor of production. These factors are also frequently labeled producer goods in order to distinguish them from the goods or services purchased by consumers, which are frequently labeled consumer goods. All three of these are required in combination at a time to produce commodity. In economics, production means creation or an addition of utility. Factors of production (or productive inputs or resources) are any commodities or services used to produce goods or services.Factors o f production may also refer specifically to the primary factors, which are stocks including land, labor the ability to work, and capital goods employ to production. Materials and energy are considered as secondary factors in classical economics because they are obtained from land, labor and capital. The primary factors facilitate production but neither exit part of the product as with raw materials nor become significantly transformed by the production process as with fuel used to power machinery. come includes not only the site of production but natural resources above or below the soil. The factor land may, however, for simplification purposes are merged with capital in some case due to land being of little importance in the service sector and manufacturing. Recent usage has distinguished human capital the stock of knowledge in the labor force from labor. Entrepreneurship is also sometimes considered a factor of production. Sometimes the overall state of technology is described as a factor of production. The number and comment of factors varies, depending on theoretical purpose, empirical emphasis, or school of economics.2.4 INTRODUCE NEW TECHNOLOGY AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTIONIn exchange relations two actors come to an agreement to trade with for each one other on mutually agreed-upon terms. Something is delivered, and something is expected in return, in a quid pro quo (something for something) relation. In product and labor markets, exchanges typically involve a flow of goods or services from seller to buyer, in return for a monetary payment. The monetary payments in turn create flows of labor and capital income. For example, when customers buy shoes from a mall shoe store, the incomes created include the payment of a wage to the shoe salesperson, rent to the owners of the mall, and profits to the owners of the business. force income is compensation received by workers in the form of wages, salaries, and fringe benefits. Capital income includes rents, p rofits, and interest. (Rent as economists use the term, refers not just to rent for housing, but to payments for the use of any asset).2.5 INVESTMENT IN NEWPLANT AND EQUIPMENT AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTION diffusion of wealth and income, the way in which the wealth and income of a nation are divided among its population, or the way in which the wealth and income of the world are divided among nations. Such patterns of distribution are discerned and studied by various statistical means, all of which are based on data of varying degrees of reliability.Wealth is an roll up store of possessions and financial claims. It may be given a monetary value if prices can be determined for each of the possessions this process can be difficult when the possessions are such that they are not likely to be offered for sale. Income is a net total of the flow of payments received in a given time period. Some countries collect statistics on wealth from legally required evaluations of the estates of decease d persons, which may or may not be indicative of what is possessed by the living. In many countries, annual impose statements that measure income provide more or less reliable information.2.6 ENSURE SUFFICIENT DEMAND AND try FOR PRODUCTS AMONG WEALTH DISTRIBUTIONHave been described as the most directly observable attributes of goods produced and exchanged in a market economy. The theory of supply and demand is an organizing principle for explaining how prices coordinate the amounts produced and consumed. In microeconomics, it applies to price and output determination for a market with perfect competition, which includes the condition of no buyers or sellers large enough to have price-setting power.For a given market of a commodity, demand is the relation of the quantity that all buyers would be active to purchase at each unit price of the good. Demand is often represented by a table or a graph showing price and quantity demanded (as in the figure). Demand theory describes individ ual consumers as rationally choosing the most preferred quantity of each good, given income, prices, tastes, etc. A term for this is constrained utility maximization (with income and wealth as the constraints on demand). Here, utility refers to the hypothesized relation of each individual consumer for ranking different commodity bundles as more or less preferred. FIGURE 1.2 DEMANDS AND allow for3.0 CONCULUSIONThis assignment task one based about open economy and close economy. The task two about utility. The open economy is market economy mostly free trade barriers and where exports and imports form a large percentage of GDP.4.0 REFERENCESUnknown. Open economy. Available http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_economy. brave accessed 19th JUNE.Unknown. . Close economy. Available http//www.investopedia.com/terms/c/closed-economy.asp. Last accessed 19th June 2014.Unknown. Utility. Available http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility. Last accessed 19th June 2014.Unknown. Wealth distribution. Avai lable http//www. Wealth distribution Last accessed 19th June 2014.Unknown. . Wealth distribution. Available http//www.wealth distribution. Last accessed 19th June 2014.